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<li class="nav-item nav-item-this"><a href=""><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">chunk</span></code> — Read IFF chunked data</a></li>
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<section id="module-chunk">
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<span id="chunk-read-iff-chunked-data"></span><h1><a class="reference internal" href="#module-chunk" title="chunk: Module to read IFF chunks. (deprecated)"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">chunk</span></code></a> — Read IFF chunked data<a class="headerlink" href="#module-chunk" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
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<p><strong>Source code:</strong> <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/tree/3.12/Lib/chunk.py">Lib/chunk.py</a></p>
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<div class="deprecated-removed" id="index-0">
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<p><span class="versionmodified">Deprecated since version 3.11, will be removed in version 3.13: </span>The <a class="reference internal" href="#module-chunk" title="chunk: Module to read IFF chunks. (deprecated)"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">chunk</span></code></a> module is deprecated
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(see <span class="target" id="index-1"></span><a class="pep reference external" href="https://peps.python.org/pep-0594/#chunk"><strong>PEP 594</strong></a> for details).</p>
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</div>
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<hr class="docutils" />
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<p>This module provides an interface for reading files that use EA IFF 85 chunks.
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<a class="footnote-reference brackets" href="#id2" id="id1">1</a> This format is used in at least the Audio Interchange File Format
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(AIFF/AIFF-C) and the Real Media File Format (RMFF). The WAVE audio file format
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is closely related and can also be read using this module.</p>
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<p>A chunk has the following structure:</p>
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<table class="docutils align-default">
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<colgroup>
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<col style="width: 19%" />
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<col style="width: 17%" />
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<col style="width: 65%" />
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</colgroup>
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<thead>
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<tr class="row-odd"><th class="head"><p>Offset</p></th>
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||
<th class="head"><p>Length</p></th>
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<th class="head"><p>Contents</p></th>
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||
</tr>
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</thead>
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<tbody>
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<tr class="row-even"><td><p>0</p></td>
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<td><p>4</p></td>
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<td><p>Chunk ID</p></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>4</p></td>
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<td><p>4</p></td>
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<td><p>Size of chunk in big-endian
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byte order, not including the
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header</p></td>
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</tr>
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||
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>8</p></td>
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<td><p><em>n</em></p></td>
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||
<td><p>Data bytes, where <em>n</em> is the
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||
size given in the preceding
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||
field</p></td>
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||
</tr>
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||
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>8 + <em>n</em></p></td>
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<td><p>0 or 1</p></td>
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<td><p>Pad byte needed if <em>n</em> is odd
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||
and chunk alignment is used</p></td>
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||
</tr>
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||
</tbody>
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||
</table>
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||
<p>The ID is a 4-byte string which identifies the type of chunk.</p>
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||
<p>The size field (a 32-bit value, encoded using big-endian byte order) gives the
|
||
size of the chunk data, not including the 8-byte header.</p>
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||
<p>Usually an IFF-type file consists of one or more chunks. The proposed usage of
|
||
the <a class="reference internal" href="#chunk.Chunk" title="chunk.Chunk"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Chunk</span></code></a> class defined here is to instantiate an instance at the start
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||
of each chunk and read from the instance until it reaches the end, after which a
|
||
new instance can be instantiated. At the end of the file, creating a new
|
||
instance will fail with an <a class="reference internal" href="exceptions.html#EOFError" title="EOFError"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">EOFError</span></code></a> exception.</p>
|
||
<dl class="py class">
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||
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="chunk.Chunk">
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<em class="property"><span class="pre">class</span><span class="w"> </span></em><span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">chunk.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">Chunk</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">file</span></span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">align</span></span><span class="o"><span class="pre">=</span></span><span class="default_value"><span class="pre">True</span></span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">bigendian</span></span><span class="o"><span class="pre">=</span></span><span class="default_value"><span class="pre">True</span></span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">inclheader</span></span><span class="o"><span class="pre">=</span></span><span class="default_value"><span class="pre">False</span></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#chunk.Chunk" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
|
||
<dd><p>Class which represents a chunk. The <em>file</em> argument is expected to be a
|
||
file-like object. An instance of this class is specifically allowed. The
|
||
only method that is needed is <code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">read()</span></code>. If the methods
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="io.html#io.IOBase.seek" title="io.IOBase.seek"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">seek()</span></code></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="io.html#io.IOBase.tell" title="io.IOBase.tell"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tell()</span></code></a> are present and don’t
|
||
raise an exception, they are also used.
|
||
If these methods are present and raise an exception, they are expected to not
|
||
have altered the object. If the optional argument <em>align</em> is true, chunks
|
||
are assumed to be aligned on 2-byte boundaries. If <em>align</em> is false, no
|
||
alignment is assumed. The default value is true. If the optional argument
|
||
<em>bigendian</em> is false, the chunk size is assumed to be in little-endian order.
|
||
This is needed for WAVE audio files. The default value is true. If the
|
||
optional argument <em>inclheader</em> is true, the size given in the chunk header
|
||
includes the size of the header. The default value is false.</p>
|
||
<p>A <a class="reference internal" href="#chunk.Chunk" title="chunk.Chunk"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Chunk</span></code></a> object supports the following methods:</p>
|
||
<dl class="py method">
|
||
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="chunk.Chunk.getname">
|
||
<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">getname</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#chunk.Chunk.getname" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
|
||
<dd><p>Returns the name (ID) of the chunk. This is the first 4 bytes of the
|
||
chunk.</p>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<dl class="py method">
|
||
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="chunk.Chunk.getsize">
|
||
<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">getsize</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#chunk.Chunk.getsize" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
|
||
<dd><p>Returns the size of the chunk.</p>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<dl class="py method">
|
||
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="chunk.Chunk.close">
|
||
<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">close</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#chunk.Chunk.close" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
|
||
<dd><p>Close and skip to the end of the chunk. This does not close the
|
||
underlying file.</p>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<p>The remaining methods will raise <a class="reference internal" href="exceptions.html#OSError" title="OSError"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">OSError</span></code></a> if called after the
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="#chunk.Chunk.close" title="chunk.Chunk.close"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">close()</span></code></a> method has been called. Before Python 3.3, they used to
|
||
raise <a class="reference internal" href="exceptions.html#IOError" title="IOError"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">IOError</span></code></a>, now an alias of <a class="reference internal" href="exceptions.html#OSError" title="OSError"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">OSError</span></code></a>.</p>
|
||
<dl class="py method">
|
||
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="chunk.Chunk.isatty">
|
||
<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">isatty</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#chunk.Chunk.isatty" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
|
||
<dd><p>Returns <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">False</span></code>.</p>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<dl class="py method">
|
||
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="chunk.Chunk.seek">
|
||
<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">seek</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">pos</span></span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">whence</span></span><span class="o"><span class="pre">=</span></span><span class="default_value"><span class="pre">0</span></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#chunk.Chunk.seek" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
|
||
<dd><p>Set the chunk’s current position. The <em>whence</em> argument is optional and
|
||
defaults to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">0</span></code> (absolute file positioning); other values are <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">1</span></code>
|
||
(seek relative to the current position) and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">2</span></code> (seek relative to the
|
||
file’s end). There is no return value. If the underlying file does not
|
||
allow seek, only forward seeks are allowed.</p>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<dl class="py method">
|
||
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="chunk.Chunk.tell">
|
||
<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">tell</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#chunk.Chunk.tell" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
|
||
<dd><p>Return the current position into the chunk.</p>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<dl class="py method">
|
||
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="chunk.Chunk.read">
|
||
<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">read</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">size</span></span><span class="o"><span class="pre">=</span></span><span class="default_value"><span class="pre">-</span> <span class="pre">1</span></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#chunk.Chunk.read" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
|
||
<dd><p>Read at most <em>size</em> bytes from the chunk (less if the read hits the end of
|
||
the chunk before obtaining <em>size</em> bytes). If the <em>size</em> argument is
|
||
negative or omitted, read all data until the end of the chunk. An empty
|
||
bytes object is returned when the end of the chunk is encountered
|
||
immediately.</p>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<dl class="py method">
|
||
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="chunk.Chunk.skip">
|
||
<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">skip</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#chunk.Chunk.skip" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
|
||
<dd><p>Skip to the end of the chunk. All further calls to <a class="reference internal" href="#chunk.Chunk.read" title="chunk.Chunk.read"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">read()</span></code></a> for the
|
||
chunk will return <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">b''</span></code>. If you are not interested in the contents of
|
||
the chunk, this method should be called so that the file points to the
|
||
start of the next chunk.</p>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<p class="rubric">Footnotes</p>
|
||
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|
||
<dt class="label" id="id2"><span class="brackets"><a class="fn-backref" href="#id1">1</a></span></dt>
|
||
<dd><p>“EA IFF 85” Standard for Interchange Format Files, Jerry Morrison, Electronic
|
||
Arts, January 1985.</p>
|
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